The Relationship
between Winning and Losing in Silat Sea GAMES 2015 Singapore (Malaysia Team
Male Class E and H)
Shapie, M. N. M (1,2) & Mohd Foad, M. F. (1)
1.Fakulti Sains Sukan dan Rekreasi, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor.
Abstract
The
purpose of this study is to describe the skills used between winner match of
Pencak Silat Class E and H Men during Sea Games in Singapore 2015. A video
recording during the match was used for the analysis. The skills were coded
into 13 categories which are punches, kick, sweep, Topple and others. The skills involve 3 outcomes which is hit target, hit elsewhere, and
miss opponent. By using sample t-test used to analyses
the data between winner and loser. Result shows that the winner used kicking,
sweep and topple down techniques compared to the loser.
Introduction
Silat is the common name of the indigenous martial art of the
Indonesian archipelago. There are many stories known about the origin of Silat
but most probably it originated on the island of Jawa in the village of Cimande
(it is also spelled as Chimande or Tjimande). However, Silat began to be
practised, developed and spread in Malaysia and on the island of Sumatra nearly
the same time as it appeared on Jawa. It later appeared on the southern part of
Thailand and also in Singapore. Silat is also considered to be a traditional
fighting art in Brunei, on the Philippines, in Cambodia and in Vietnam, as
well. Therefore it is closely related to the other martial arts of Southeast
Asia, such as Eskrima, Krabi Krabong of Thailand and Kuntao (that is also
called “the Silat of the Chinese”). The practicioners of Silat are called
pesilat in Malay. Silat is the essence of combat and
self-defense, the true fighting application of the techniques.
Silat can improve in self-defenses
and it can be learned to use in competing a game which is it involve exciting,
fun, and motivating for athlete. It creates involvement of the athletes in the
class, larger excitement to improve and study new advanced skills, and
motivating the athletes or the student in perform better in class. There are
sparring may vary according to style and official matches follow the rule.
Firstly, strikes are only legal if they hit between the shoulder line and the
waist. Each successful strike is awarded one point. Second, hitting the face or
below the belt is a penalty. Third, throws in themselves are not awarded
points, and ground follow-up is permitted. Fourth, a joint-lock is awarded 10
points. Finally, immobilizing the opponent by holding them helpless is worth 5
points.
There
is a lot of motion analysis of silat including punch, kick, block, sweep,
topple, dodge, catch, self-release and others. Previous study has been studied
about the activity profile during action time. According to Mohamed Shapie, Oliver, O’Donoghue, and Tong (2013)
the nature of work periods within any combat sports depends on the frequency,
volume and type of the activity being performed. The objective of this study is
to describe the skills involved between the winner and loser as well as to
determine the factor that influences the winner to win.
Material and Methods
A video recording of one male silat match from the national silat competition in Singapore (Sea Games 2015) was used for the analysis. This was quarterfinal, semifinal, and final match Class E Men Malaysia during Sea Games in Singapore 2015 was used for the analysis also final match Class H men Malaysia. Subsequent player motion analysis was carried out by download the video and watches the video in Youtube. I identify 13 different types of event performed by the male contestants as well as the start and end of action periods. Video sequences were repeated where necessary and the playback to allow accurate measurement of each offensive and defensive movement category. The video could be paused and played back to notate the each movement category. There are three rounds within one match and each round has two minute for fighting and one minute for resting. The skills were coded into five categories which is punch, kick, sweep, topple, block and others. Usage of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to calculate the statistical analysis and result. The video is repeated at least two times so the data can be taken properly. The frequency was taken as data to be analyzed.
Motion Categories
Silat exponent’s motions were coded into 13 different types of categories and were defined as follows:
Punch:
The punch ‘tumbuk’ attack is done by a hand with a closed fist hitting the
target
Kick:
The kick ‘tendang / terajang’ is an attacking movement which is performed with
one leg or two legs simultaneously a kick can be aimed at any target
Block:
The blocking movements using arms, elbows and legs with the purpose to block
off or striking back at any attack
Catch:
The catch ‘tangkapan’ is done by using the hand to obstruct the opponent from
carrying out an attack.
Topple:
There are various ways of toppling down one’s opponent. For example, a silat
exponent ‘pesilat’ can either push or shove
Sweep:
Swiping ‘sapuan’ involves attacking an opponent leg.
Evade/Dodge: The evade ‘elakan’ technique is carried out by
silat exponent when he tries to
evade an attack.
Self-Release: Self-release ‘lepas tangkapan’ technique is a
technique to unlock any clinch or catch from an opponent.
Block and Punch: The blocking
technique is used to block any hand or leg attack from the opponent and
followed by counter attack using the hand to punch the opponent.
Block and Kick: The blocking
technique is used to block any hand or leg attack from the opponent and
followed by counter attack using the leg to kick the opponent.
Block and Sweep: The blocking
technique is used to block any hand or leg attack from the opponent and
followed by counter attack using sweeping technique to the opponent.
Fake Punch: An action which a
silat exponent intends to confuse the opponent using a fake punch to break his
opponent’s defensive posture.
Fake Kick: An action which a silat
exponent intends to confuse the opponent using a fake kick to break his
opponent defensive posture.
Statistical Analysis
MALAYSIA VS INDONESIA CATEGORY MEN’S CLASS E QUARTERFINALS (WIN)
ACTION
|
HIT
ELSEWHERE
|
HIT
TARGET
|
MISS
OPPONENT
|
TOTAL
| |||||
COUNTRY
|
M
|
I
|
M
|
I
|
M
|
I
|
M
|
I
| |
Block
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
1
| |||
Block & Punch
|
1
|
1
| |||||||
Block & Kick
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
3
| ||||
Block & Sweep
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
2
| |||||
Catch
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
4
|
5
|
7
| |
Evade/Dodge
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
| |||||
Fake Punch
|
1
|
1
| |||||||
Fake Kick
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
4
|
4
| ||
Kick
|
3
|
2
|
10
|
4
|
3
|
5
|
16
|
11
| |
Punch
|
1
|
1
|
4
|
1
|
2
|
5
| |||
Self-release
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
| |||||
Sweep
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
1
| ||||
Topple
|
1
|
3
|
5
|
4
|
5
| ||||
Total
|
7
|
6
|
27
|
17
|
12
|
22
|
46
|
45
| |
Group Statistics
|
Group Statistics
|
|||||
GROUP
|
N
|
Mean
|
Std. Deviation
|
Std. Error Mean
|
|
SCORE
|
MALAYSIA
|
3
|
15.3333
|
10.40833
|
6.00925
|
INDONESIA
|
3
|
15.0000
|
8.18535
|
4.72582
|
MALAYSIA
VS SINGAPORE CATEGORY MEN’S CLASS E SEMIFINALS (WIN)
ACTION
|
HIT
ELSEWHERE
|
HIT
TARGET
|
MISS
OPPONENT
|
TOTAL
|
|||||
COUNTRY
|
M
|
S
|
M
|
S
|
M
|
S
|
M
|
S
|
|
Block
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|||||
Block
& Punch
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
||||
Block
& Kick
|
4
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
7
|
2
|
|||
Block
& Sweep
|
|||||||||
Catch
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
5
|
1
|
|||
Evade/Dodge
|
3
|
3
|
|||||||
Fake
Punch
|
1
|
1
|
|||||||
Fake
Kick
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
|||
Kick
|
3
|
6
|
5
|
2
|
2
|
9
|
10
|
17
|
|
Punch
|
2
|
3
|
2
|
6
|
1
|
4
|
10
|
||
Self-release
|
|||||||||
Sweep
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
4
|
1
|
||||
Topple
|
4
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
5
|
2
|
|||
Total
|
8
|
11
|
25
|
13
|
11
|
15
|
44
|
39
|
|
Group Statistics
|
Group Statistics
|
|||||
GROUP
|
N
|
Mean
|
Std. Deviation
|
Std. Error Mean
|
|
SCORE
|
MALAYSIA
|
3
|
14.6667
|
9.07377
|
5.23874
|
SINGAPORE
|
3
|
13.0000
|
2.00000
|
1.15470
|
MALAYSIA
VS VIETNAM CATEGORY MEN’S CLASS E FINAL (WIN)
ACTION
|
HIT
ELSEWHERE
|
HIT
TARGET
|
MISS
OPPONENT
|
TOTAL
|
|||||
COUNTRY
|
M
|
V
|
M
|
V
|
M
|
V
|
M
|
V
|
|
Block
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
||||
Block
& Punch
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
||||||
Block
& Kick
|
2
|
2
|
|||||||
Block
& Sweep
|
|||||||||
Catch
|
10
|
1
|
5
|
15
|
1
|
||||
Evage/Dodge
|
1
|
1
|
|||||||
Fake
Punch
|
1
|
1
|
|||||||
Fake
Kick
|
4
|
9
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
16
|
|||
Kick
|
2
|
5
|
7
|
9
|
4
|
12
|
13
|
26
|
|
Punch
|
1
|
5
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
6
|
|||
Self-release
|
|||||||||
Sweep
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
5
|
1
|
||||
Topple
|
7
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
9
|
3
|
|||
Total
|
3
|
15
|
31
|
22
|
17
|
22
|
51
|
59
|
|
Group Statistics
|
Group Statistics
|
|||||
GROUP
|
N
|
Mean
|
Std. Deviation
|
Std. Error Mean
|
|
SCORE
|
MALAYSIA
|
3
|
17.0000
|
14.00000
|
8.08290
|
VIETNAM
|
3
|
19.6667
|
4.04145
|
2.33333
|
MALAYSIA
VS INDONESIA CATEGORY MEN’S CLASS H FINAL (LOSE)
ACTION
|
HIT
ELSEWHERE
|
HIT
TARGET
|
MISS
OPPONENT
|
TOTAL
|
|||||
COUNTRY
|
M
|
I
|
M
|
I
|
M
|
I
|
M
|
I
|
|
Block
|
2
|
2
|
|||||||
Block
& Punch
|
1
|
4
|
3
|
5
|
3
|
||||
Block
& Kick
|
|||||||||
Block
& Sweep
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
||||
Catch
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
|||
Evade/Dodge
|
|||||||||
Fake
Punch
|
1
|
1
|
|||||||
Fake
Kick
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
2
|
||||
Kick
|
11
|
8
|
12
|
15
|
6
|
1
|
29
|
24
|
|
Punch
|
3
|
4
|
3
|
12
|
3
|
2
|
9
|
18
|
|
Self-release
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
4
|
|||
Sweep
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
|||||
Topple
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
3
|
6
|
||||
Total
|
17
|
15
|
28
|
42
|
16
|
10
|
61
|
67
|
|
Group Statistics
|
Group Statistics
|
|||||
GROUP
|
N
|
Mean
|
Std. Deviation
|
Std. Error Mean
|
|
SCORE
|
MALAYSIA
|
3
|
20.3333
|
6.65833
|
3.84419
|
INDONESIA
|
3
|
22.3333
|
17.21434
|
9.93870
|
Discussion
As the result, Men’s Class E Malaysia versus Indonesia, Malaysia versus Singapore and Malaysia versus Indonesia win the match. Based on the table, the winner Malaysia Class E there hit target accurately by using kicking technique to fight the opponent also the use sweep and Topple. Based on the analysis, the winner used a good strategy to fight the opponent by seeing the weaknesses of the opponent and the loser has no opportunity to fight back if the winner uses kicking technique with kick and punch. Based on the video, kick with sweep technique is the best motion to topple down the loser. Besides that, Class H Malaysia he have low of percentage in winning the fight between Indonesia was tight because the opponent hit the target accurately between the Malaysia. The Malaysia not performs in skill technique so that the player is lost the match. It means that, during the match, the skills that are being used are mostly miss opponent.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Class E male Malaysia performed a very good performance he can completed his technique perfectly in the use of kick, sweep, and topple. The player does it because they hit more on target and less hit miss opponent. However, in class H male Vietnam the fighter is stronger in term of kick, punch and perfect block. Malaysia Class H loses because they are more using kick and punch miss and hit elsewhere. So that, they can improve the technique based on the opponent game play and change the skill technique to get the point.
Recommendation
In my opinion, it is not easy to be a silat champion. They need to train harder and sacrifice many things to achieve the champion status. The coach must give the suitable training in term of skill technique to give the improvement of the athletes. Coach needs the suitable of each category to a great fighter. The athletes must train hard to get the peak performance to the any match. They must perfect in the skill technique to bit the opponent in match. In advanced athletes should practice more on their target and technique in improve their performance especially on catch, dodge, punch, kick, sweep, and topple. Furthermore, video analysis can be a guidance to identify the athlete’s mistake also the strengths of the athlete so in the future can improved more.
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